Theodore Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919)
was an American politician, author, naturalist, soldier, explorer, and reformer who served as the 26th president of the United States from 1901 to 1909. He was the youngest person to hold the office and the only person to serve as both president and vice president. Roosevelt was a member of the Republican Party, and a leader of the Progressive Era.

In domestic policy, he promoted a progressive agenda and used his power to break up big business monopolies, regulate railroads, mediate labor disputes, and protect consumers. He also championed conservation efforts, set aside millions of acres of public land for national parks and forests, and oversaw the construction of the Panama Canal.

In foreign policy, Roosevelt pursued an assertive and interventionist approach, known as "big stick diplomacy." He intervened in Latin American affairs, including in Venezuela and the Caribbean, and helped to negotiate an end to the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, for which he won the Nobel Peace Prize.

It is not the critic who counts;
not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles, or where the doer of deeds could have done them better.
The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arena, whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood;
who strives valiantly; who errs, who comes short again and again, because there is no effort without error and shortcoming;
but who does actually strive to do the deeds; who knows great enthusiasms, the great devotions; who spends himself in a worthy cause;
who at the best knows in the end the triumph of high achievement, and who at the worst, if he fails, at least fails while daring greatly, so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who neither know victory nor defeat.